Strongyloides
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Thamsborg, S.M., Ketzis, J., Horii, Y., Matthews, J.B. 2017. Strongyloides spp. infections of veterinary importance
- There are several common species of Strongyloides which infect different host. S. stercoralis is the best studied because it infects humans and can also infect cats, dogs, and non-human primates. S. papillosus infects cattle, sheep, goats, rabbits, and small ruminants. This species is widespread with cases identified in South America, Europe, Africa, and Asia. S. ransomi is another agriculturally relevant species that infects pigs. Infections of S. ransomi have been seen in Europe.
Kramme S, Nissen N, Soblik H, Erttmann K, Tannich E, Fleischer B, Panning M, Brattig N. J. 2011. Novel real-time PCR for the universal detection of Strongyloides species.
- A real-time PCR strategy was developed to detect the Strongyloides 28S rRNA gene introduced to mice via plasmid in E. coli. This gene is thought to be well conserved across all Strongyloides species. Targeting the 28S rRNA gene was useful for the detection of S. stercoralis and S. ratti. There was no cross-reactivity to any of the common non-Strongyloides infections tested. Genomic data suggests that this target could allow detection of other Strongyloides species but this could not be confirmed due to limitations of the study. The authors hypothesize that this detection method can be used for all Strongyloides species.
Eberhardt, A.G., Mayer, W.E., Bonfoh, B., Streit, A. 2008. The Strongyloides (Nematoda) of sheep and the predominant Strongyloides of cattle form at least two different, genetically isolated populations.
- PCR was developed to target the SSU gene in Strongyloides species infecting cattle and sheep in Mali and Philadelphia. The primers amplified two variants of the same gene which differed by 4 out of 468 base pairs. This led to the conclusion that two different species had been identified. S. papillosis seems to preferentially infect sheep. S. vituli has frequently been misidentified as S. papillosis but seems to preferentially infect cattle. These species are very closely related but genetically isolated.